Automatically translated version. May contain inaccuracies compared to the original.
Pressure on Russia’s so-called “shadow fleet” continues to grow, increasingly bringing its allies into the sights of authorities.
Adnan Akhmedzade, a SOCAR manager who was arrested in Azerbaijan last year, reportedly began cooperating with investigators about his close circle — a development with potentially far-reaching consequences.
It turned out that one key figure attributed a central role in helping the Kremlin blunt sanctions on Russia through a complex network of trading firms, tankers, and bank accounts across multiple jurisdictions is Azerbaijani businessman Azim Novruzov.
His name was little known to the general public for a long time. Behind the scenes of the global oil trade, however, Novruzov increasingly appears in investigations into sanctions evasion, offshore structures, and shadow deliveries of Russian oil.
These stories involve billions of dollars, Maltese shell companies, ties to senior oil-industry executives, and luxury real estate in London. Novruzov himself of course denies all these allegations. But the chain of conspicuous overlaps surrounding his business dealings keeps growing.
A bit of background
Before the start of Russia’s large-scale war against Ukraine in 2022 and the subsequent global sanctions that heavily hit the Russian oil industry, the name Novruzov was only known to a close circle of businessmen and oil-market specialists.
But as with any “small victorious war” that spectacularly fails, Russia’s war against Ukraine set off a chain of events that quickly turned into an avalanche — a catastrophe for some, an enormous opportunity for others. Among the latter was apparently Azim Novruzov, a relatively low-profile Azerbaijani oil trader who quickly realized that Russia would still need to sell its oil despite sanctions.
As a result, Novruzov is said to have actively participated in building the so-called shadow tanker fleet — aided by his contacts in that sector. At that time, the names of several Azerbaijani entrepreneurs increasingly surfaced in investigations, including Tahir Garayev, Ettibar Eyub, Anar Madatly, and Azim Novruzov. The state oil company SOCAR also came into focus, with which all these people were linked.
Analysts and journalists say they were part of a network of intermediaries managing oil flows connected to Russian companies.
Who is Azim Novruzov?
As noted, the person Azim Novruzov was unknown to the general public for a long time. It is therefore unsurprising that very little information about him is available to this day. From what is known, Novruzov operated in the “gray area” of the oil market even before his active involvement in the so-called “shadow fleet” — a zone where excessive scrutiny is highly unwelcome.
It is known that Azim Novruzov is an Azerbaijani citizen and holds a UK residence permit. Some reports claim he has since obtained British citizenship, but there is no official confirmation of that.
The name Azim Novruzov appeared only a few times in official registries.
There is limited public information about Novruzov himself. Open company registers show he was born in October 1977 and held Azerbaijani citizenship. In UK registers he appeared as a director of Enviroinvest Ltd., registered in London as 2014. The company existed for less than a year and was liquidated in February 2015.
According to his own statements, Azim Novruzov has nearly twenty years of experience in the energy sector and international commodity trading. Early in his career he worked at Union Grand Energy before reportedly moving to the United Kingdom around 2013.
Over the years his name has been linked to several energy companies, including Sumato Energy and Alkagesta, as well as various trading structures in the United Arab Emirates, Turkey, and Europe.
Some sources claim he may have acted as a shareholder or intermediary in firms connected to SOCAR’s oil trading and other suppliers. The fact that Adnan Akhmedzade mentioned Novruzov’s name during investigations seems to support these suspicions.
One of the earliest known traces of Novruzov leads to the Dubai-registered company Sumato Energy FZE. Documents show Novruzov was listed as a shareholder of the company as early as 2009. Sumato traded in oil and petroleum products — a field where the real owners are often hidden behind offshore structures and nominal directors.
According to Global Witness, Sumato Energy FZE was a group of energy trading companies that reportedly bought oil exclusively from SOCAR and organizations affiliated with it. The Sumato Energy Group consisted of four legally independent companies registered in New Zealand, Singapore, Switzerland, and the United Arab Emirates. The first Sumato company was founded in December 2005 in New Zealand under the name Sumato Energy Group Limited.
What exact role Azim Novruzov played at Sumato Energy FZE remains unclear. It is, however, obvious that he has connections to Azerbaijan’s political and economic leadership and to the Aliyev clan, representatives of which were named among persons linked to Sumato and who are said to exert control over SOCAR.
Novruzov’s name later surfaced in connection with Alkagesta, a 2018 Malta-registered trading company specializing in the supply of fuels and petroleum products. Alkagesta presents itself as a global trader of oil products, fertilizers, and biofuels, operating in more than 40 countries with an international network of offices.
Officially the company operates in numerous countries and works with international banks. Journalistic investigations, however, claim that behind this outward respectability there may be a much more complex system and that business with Russian oil after the imposition of sanctions was conducted through the Maltese infrastructure.
Systems, companies, people
Investigators say Alkagesta was used to obscure the origin of Russian oil, alter origin documents, and resell fuels through third countries. In some cases the oil passed through multiple ports and companies before finally appearing on the market as Kazakh or Turkmen product.
Malta was regarded in these systems as a convenient logistical hub — one of the centers of fuel trading in the Mediterranean.
Another component of this story is the oil trading group Coral Energy. This company has appeared for years in investigations into trading Russian oil. Its owner is said to be Azerbaijani businessman Tahir Garayev. Some publications claim Novruzov was among the people who helped manage the group’s financial flows.
Investigators describe him as a coordinator of financial operations, a participant in sanctions-evasion schemes, and a mediator between traders and the banking system. According to available information, accounts in Turkey and other jurisdictions may have been used to carry out the transactions.
Investigations describe a system that is now typical of the so-called “shadow fleet.” Simplified, it works roughly as follows: Russian oil is first sold to a trader, then the cargo is transferred at sea to another tanker. At the same time the documents are swapped — the oil is subsequently declared as Kazakh or Turkmen product. The fuel is then sold on markets in Europe, the Middle East, or Africa.
The volume of such operations is estimated at several tens of billions of dollars per year. Some investigations even claim that Russian oil may have reached markets within the European Union in this way despite sanctions. In these publications the name Azim Novruzov is frequently mentioned alongside several players in the international oil trade.
One of Novruzov’s most important partners is said to be Azerbaijani businessman Tahir Garayev — owner of the trading group Coral Energy. Investigators say Coral Energy may have been involved in transporting and selling Russian oil through a network of intermediaries and tankers. Novruzov is described as one of the participants responsible for financial operations and organizing transactions.
Another person journalists link to Novruzov is top Azerbaijani manager Adnan Akhmedzade, who previously worked within SOCAR structures. Some publications suggest Akhmedzade may have been among those who helped build a network of trading companies, including Alkagesta.
Some investigations also claim Novruzov had contacts with representatives of Rosneft and other players in the Russian oil market. Public direct evidence of such meetings or agreements, however, does not exist so far, and Novruzov himself denies such contacts.
The most serious allegation concerns the alleged involvement in trading Russian oil through a network of intermediaries and offshore companies. According to several investigations, such structures buy Russian oil, blend it with crude from other countries, or alter accompanying documentation before the product is resold as oil of another origin.
Some publications claim Novruzov may have played the role of financial coordinator in such operations. Investigators also believe bank accounts in Turkey and other jurisdictions were used. According to their account, payments for oil deliveries ran through these accounts, allowing the true ultimate beneficiaries of the deals to be concealed.
London real estate
Another aspect that drew journalists’ attention concerns the purchase of luxury real estate in the United Kingdom. According to the UK land registry, Novruzov and his family bought a villa in the prestigious London neighborhood of St John’s Wood for about six to seven million pounds.
Investigators claim the funds for the purchase may be linked to oil trading operations. Direct evidence of the source of the funds has not yet been published. Nevertheless, the transaction became part of wider reports about luxury properties allegedly financed with proceeds from commodity trading.
Despite numerous allegations and publications, Azim Novruzov is not currently on US, EU, or UK sanctions lists. Some reports nonetheless claim his activities may have attracted the attention of the UK National Crime Agency (NCA), which is said to be conducting internal inquiries.
There is no official confirmation of such investigations in public sources so far. The issue of the so-called “shadow fleet” and trade in Russian oil, however, remains a central topic of international sanctions policy. As restrictions tighten, Western regulators are paying increasing attention to intermediaries and traders who continue to enable Russian oil exports.
To date the name Azim Novruzov mainly appears in journalistic investigations and analytical reports. But the scale of the allegations — from involvement in trading Russian oil to alleged financial operations — makes him a figure that journalists and international regulators are likely to continue watching closely.
If pressure on the “shadow fleet” increases further, such intermediaries could become the next targets of Western sanctions policy. Then Novruzov’s story could move from journalistic inquiries to a legal matter.
Document: PDF proof of the original version of the news item "Die Offshore-Struktur Sumato Energy: Wie Azim Novruzov Milliardenzahlungen aus Sechins Rosneft-Geschäften reinwäscht". It records the publication content at the moment of the first scan, the preservation date and the source: Rozsliduvach.