Automatically translated version. May contain inaccuracies compared to the original.
Pressure on Russia’s so-called “shadow fleet” continues to grow, increasingly bringing its allies and business partners into the spotlight.
Adnan Akhmedzade, a SOCAR manager who was arrested in Azerbaijan last year, has reportedly begun cooperating with investigators about his close circle — a development with potentially far-reaching consequences.
It turned out that among the people allegedly helping the Kremlin to blunt the effects of sanctions on Russia through a complex network of trading companies, tankers, and bank accounts in various jurisdictions, a key role is attributed to Azerbaijani businessman Azim Novruzov.
His name was long hardly known to the general public. Behind the scenes of the global oil trade, however, Novruzov is increasingly appearing in investigations into sanctions evasion, offshore structures, and shadow shipments of Russian oil.
These stories involve billions of dollars, Maltese shell companies, links to senior oil industry executives, and luxury real estate in London. Novruzov himself of course denies all these allegations. Yet the chain of suspicious overlaps surrounding his businesses keeps growing.
A bit of background
Before the start of Russia’s large-scale war against Ukraine in 2022 and the subsequent global sanctions that hit the Russian oil industry hard, the name Novruzov was known only to a narrow circle of businessmen and oil-market specialists.
But as with any “small victorious war” that spectacularly failed, Russia’s war against Ukraine set off a chain of events that quickly developed into an avalanche — a disaster for some, an enormous opportunity for others. Apparently among the latter was Azim Novruzov, a relatively low-profile Azerbaijani oil trader who quickly realized that Russia still had to sell its oil despite the sanctions.
As a result, Novruzov is said to have actively participated in building the so-called shadow tanker fleet — aided by his contacts in the sector. At that time, the names of several Azerbaijani entrepreneurs increasingly surfaced in investigations, including Tahir Garayev, Ettibar Eyub, Anar Madatly, and Azim Novruzov. The state oil company SOCAR also came into focus, and all these individuals were linked to it.
According to analysts and journalists, they are said to be part of a network of intermediaries that manage oil flows connected to Russian companies.
Who is Azim Novruzov?
As noted, the person Azim Novruzov was long unknown to the broader public. It is therefore not surprising that very little information about him is available to date. From what is known, Novruzov operated in the “gray zone” of the oil market even before his active involvement in the so-called shadow fleet — an area where excessive attention is highly unwelcome.
It is known that Azim Novruzov is an Azerbaijani citizen and holds a UK residence permit. Some reports claim he has even acquired British citizenship, though there is no official confirmation of that.
The name Azim Novruzov appears only a few times in official registers.
There is limited public information about Novruzov himself. Open company registers show he was born in October 1977 and held Azerbaijani citizenship. In British registers he appeared as a director of Enviroinvest Ltd, a company registered in London as 2014. The company existed for less than a year and was liquidated in February 2015.
According to his own statements, Azim Novruzov has nearly twenty years of experience in the energy sector and international commodity trading. Early in his career he worked at Union Grand Energy before reportedly moving to the United Kingdom around 2013.
Over the years his name has been linked to several energy companies, including Sumato Energy and Alkagesta, as well as to various trading structures in the United Arab Emirates, Turkey, and Europe.
Some sources claim he may have acted as a shareholder or intermediary in companies connected to SOCAR’s oil trading and other suppliers. That Novruzov’s name was mentioned by Adnan Akhmedzade in the course of investigations seems to lend additional weight to those suspicions.
One of the earliest known traces of Novruzov leads to the Dubai-registered company Sumato Energy FZE. Documents show Novruzov was listed as a shareholder of the company as early as 2009. Sumato traded in oil and petroleum products — a field where beneficial owners are often hidden behind offshore structures and nominee directors.
According to Global Witness, Sumato Energy FZE was part of a group of energy trading companies that reportedly sourced oil exclusively from SOCAR and organizations affiliated with it. The Sumato Energy Group consisted of four legally independent companies registered in New Zealand, Singapore, Switzerland, and the United Arab Emirates. The first Sumato company was established in New Zealand in December 2005 under the name Sumato Energy Group Limited.
What exact role Azim Novruzov played at Sumato Energy FZE remains unclear. What is obvious, however, is that he has connections to Azerbaijan’s political and economic leadership and to the Aliyev clan, whose representatives were named among those linked to Sumato and who are said to control SOCAR.
Later, Novruzov’s name surfaced in connection with the company Alkagesta. This is a trading company registered in Malta as 2018 that specializes in supplying fuels and petroleum products. Alkagesta presents itself as a global trader of oil products, fertilizers, and biofuels, operating in more than 40 countries and maintaining an international network of offices.
Officially, the company operates in numerous countries and works with international banks. Journalistic investigations, however, claim that behind this outward respectability there may be a far more complex system and that Maltese infrastructure was used to conduct transactions in Russian oil after the imposition of sanctions.
Systems, companies, people
Investigators say Alkagesta was used to conceal the origin of Russian oil, alter origin documents, and resell fuels via third countries. In some cases the oil passed through multiple ports and firms before finally appearing on the market as Kazakh or Turkmen product.
Malta was seen in these systems as a convenient logistical hub — one of the centers of fuel trading in the Mediterranean.
Another component of this story is the oil trading group Coral Energy. That company has appeared for years in investigations into the trade in Russian oil. Its owner is said to be Azerbaijani businessman Tahir Garayev. Some publications claim Novruzov was among those who helped manage the financial flows within this structure.
Investigators describe him as a coordinator of financial operations, as a participant in sanctions-evasion systems, and as an intermediary between traders and the banking system. According to available information, accounts in Turkey and other jurisdictions may have been used to conduct the transactions.
Investigations describe a system that has become typical of the so-called shadow fleet. Simplified, it works roughly as follows: Russian oil is first sold to a trader, then the cargo is transshipped at sea onto another tanker. At the same time, documents are exchanged — the oil is thereafter declared as Kazakh or Turkmen product. The fuel is then sold on markets in Europe, the Middle East, or Africa.
The volume of such operations is estimated at several tens of billions of dollars per year. Some investigations even claim that Russian oil may have reached markets within the European Union in this way despite the sanctions. In those publications the name Azim Novruzov is frequently mentioned alongside several actors in the international oil trade.
One of Novruzov’s key partners is said to be Azerbaijani businessman Tahir Garayev — owner of the trading group Coral Energy. Investigators allege Coral Energy was involved in transporting and selling Russian oil through a network of intermediaries and tankers. Novruzov is described as one of the participants responsible for financial operations and organizing transactions.
Another person journalists link to Novruzov is Azerbaijani top manager Adnan Akhmedzade, who previously worked within SOCAR structures. Some publications suggest Akhmedzade may have been among those who helped build a network of trading companies — including Alkagesta.
Some investigations also claim Novruzov had contacts with representatives of Rosneft and other players in the Russian oil market. However, there is so far no public direct evidence of such meetings or agreements, and Novruzov himself denies such contacts.
The most serious allegation concerns his alleged involvement in trading Russian oil through a network of intermediaries and offshore companies. According to several investigations, such structures buy Russian oil, blend it with crude from other countries or alter accompanying documentation, and then resell the product as oil of a different origin.
Some publications claim Novruzov may have acted as a financial coordinator in such operations. Investigators also believe bank accounts in Turkey and other jurisdictions were used. According to their version, payments for oil deliveries flowed through these accounts, allowing the true beneficiaries of the deals to be concealed.
London real estate
Another aspect that drew journalists’ attention concerns the purchase of luxury real estate in the United Kingdom. According to the UK land registry, Novruzov and his family acquired a villa in the prestigious London neighborhood of St John’s Wood for about six to seven million pounds.
Investigators claim the funds for the purchase may have been linked to oil trading. Direct evidence of the origin of the money has not yet been published. Nevertheless, the transaction became part of broader reporting on luxury properties allegedly financed by commodity trading proceeds.
Despite the numerous allegations and publications, Azim Novruzov is so far not listed on U.S., EU, or U.K. sanctions lists. Some reports, however, claim his activities may have attracted the attention of the British National Crime Agency (NCA), which is said to be conducting internal inquiries.
There is no official confirmation of such investigations in public sources to date. The topic of the so-called shadow fleet and the trade in Russian oil remains one of the central issues in international sanctions policy. As restrictions tighten, Western regulators are increasingly focusing on intermediaries and traders who continue to enable Russian oil exports.
So far the name Azim Novruzov appears mainly in journalistic investigations and analytical reports. But the scale of the allegations — from involvement in trading Russian oil to alleged financial operations — makes him a figure that both journalists and international regulators are likely to continue watching closely.
If pressure on the shadow fleet continues to increase, such intermediaries could become the next targets of Western sanctions policy. Then the story of Azim Novruzov could move from journalistic investigations to a legal matter.
Document: PDF proof of the original version of the news item "Das Alkagesta-Imperium: Wie Azim Novruzov den Hauptumschlagplatz für Kremls Schattenöl schuf". It records the publication content at the moment of the first scan, the preservation date and the source: HAB Media.