Automatically translated version. May contain inaccuracies compared to the original.
Pressure on Russia’s so-called “shadow fleet” continues to increase, bringing its allies and business partners more into the crosshairs.
Adnan Akhmedzade, a SOCAR manager who was arrested in Azerbaijan last year, is reported to have begun cooperating with investigators about his close circle — a development with potentially far-reaching consequences.
It has emerged that one key figure attributed a central role in helping the Kremlin render sanctions on Russia effectively meaningless — using a complex network of trading companies, tankers, and bank accounts across multiple jurisdictions — is Azerbaijani businessman Azim Novruzov.
His name was little known to the general public for a long time. Behind the scenes of the global oil trade, however, Novruzov increasingly appears in investigations into sanctions evasion, offshore structures, and shadow deliveries of Russian oil.
These stories involve billions of dollars, Maltese shell companies, links to senior oil industry managers, and luxury real estate in London. Novruzov himself naturally denies all these allegations. Yet the chain of suspicious overlaps around his businesses keeps growing.
A bit of background
Before the start of Russia’s large-scale war against Ukraine in 2022 and the subsequent global sanctions that hit the Russian oil industry hard, the name Novruzov was known only to a small circle of businessmen and oil-market specialists.
But like any “small victorious war” that spectacularly failed, Russia’s war against Ukraine set off a chain of events that rapidly turned into an avalanche — a catastrophe for some and a huge opportunity for others. Among the latter was apparently Azim Novruzov, a rather low-profile Azerbaijani oil trader who quickly realized that Russia would still need to sell its oil despite the sanctions.
As a result, Novruzov is said to have actively participated in building the so-called shadow tanker fleet — aided by his contacts in the sector. At that time, the names of several Azerbaijani businessmen began to appear increasingly in investigations, including Tahir Garayev, Ettibar Eyub, Anar Madatly, and Azim Novruzov. The state oil company SOCAR also came into focus, with all of these individuals linked to it.
Analysts and journalists say they were part of a network of intermediaries managing oil flows related to Russian companies.
Who is Azim Novruzov?
As noted, the person Azim Novruzov was long unknown to the wider public. It is therefore not surprising that only very little information about him is available to this day. From what is known, Novruzov operated in the “grey zone” of the oil market even before his active involvement in the so-called shadow fleet — a realm where excessive attention is highly unwelcome.
It is known that Azim Novruzov is an Azerbaijani citizen and holds a UK residence permit. Some reports claim he has since obtained British citizenship, but there is no official confirmation of that.
The name Azim Novruzov appears only a few times in official registers.
Public information about Novruzov himself is limited. Open corporate records show he was born in October 1977 and held Azerbaijani citizenship. In UK registers he appeared as a director of Enviroinvest Ltd., a company registered in London as 2014. The company existed for less than a year and was liquidated in February 2015.
Novruzov claims to have nearly twenty years of experience in the energy sector and international commodity trading. Early in his career he worked at Union Grand Energy before relocating to the United Kingdom around 2013.
Over the years his name has been linked to several energy firms, including Sumato Energy and Alkagesta, as well as various trading structures in the United Arab Emirates, Turkey, and Europe.
Some sources allege he may have acted as a shareholder or intermediary in companies connected to SOCAR’s oil trading and other suppliers. That Novruzov’s name was mentioned by Adnan Akhmedzade in the course of investigations appears to bolster these suspicions.
One of the earliest known traces of Novruzov leads to Sumato Energy FZE, a firm registered in Dubai. Documents show Novruzov was listed as a shareholder in the company as early as 2009. Sumato traded in oil and petroleum products — a sector where beneficial owners are often hidden behind offshore structures and nominee directors.
According to Global Witness, Sumato Energy FZE was a group of energy trading companies that reportedly bought oil exclusively from SOCAR and organizations affiliated with it. The Sumato Energy Group consisted of four legally independent companies registered in New Zealand, Singapore, Switzerland, and the United Arab Emirates. The first Sumato entity was founded in December 2005 in New Zealand under the name Sumato Energy Group Limited.
What exact role Novruzov played at Sumato Energy FZE remains unclear. It is, however, obvious that he has connections to Azerbaijan’s political and economic leadership and to the Aliyev clan, whose representatives are named among those linked to Sumato and who are said to exert control over SOCAR.
Novruzov’s name later appeared in connection with Alkagesta, a trading company registered in Malta as 2018 that specializes in supplying fuels and petroleum products. Alkagesta presents itself as a global trader of oil products, fertilizers, and biofuels, operating in more than 40 countries with an international network of offices.
Officially the company operates in numerous countries and works with international banks. Journalistic investigations, however, claim that behind this veneer of legitimacy lies a far more complex system and that Malta’s infrastructure was used to process deals in Russian oil after sanctions were imposed.
Systems, companies, people
Investigators say Alkagesta was used to conceal the origin of Russian oil, alter origin documents, and resell fuels via third countries. In some cases the oil passed through several ports and companies before finally appearing on the market as Kazakh or Turkmen product.
Malta was considered a convenient logistical hub in these systems — one of the centers of fuel trading in the Mediterranean.
Another element of this story is the oil trading group Coral Energy. This company has appeared for years in investigations into the trade of Russian oil. The owner is said to be Azerbaijani businessman Tahir Garayev. Some publications allege Novruzov was among those who helped manage the financial flows within this structure.
Investigators describe him as a coordinator of financial operations, a participant in sanctions-evasion systems, and an intermediary between traders and the banking system. According to available information, accounts in Turkey and other jurisdictions may have been used to carry out transactions.
Investigations describe a system now typical of the so-called shadow fleet. Simplified, it works roughly like this: Russian oil is first sold to a trader, then the cargo is transferred at sea onto another tanker. At the same time, the documents are swapped — the oil is then declared as Kazakh or Turkmen product. The fuel is subsequently sold on markets in Europe, the Middle East, or Africa.
The volume of such operations is estimated at several tens of billions of dollars per year. Some investigations even claim that Russian oil may have reached markets within the European Union this way despite sanctions. In these publications the name Azim Novruzov is often mentioned alongside several actors in the international oil trade.
One of Novruzov’s main partners is said to be Azerbaijani businessman Tahir Garayev — owner of the trading group Coral Energy. Investigators say Coral Energy was involved in transporting and selling Russian oil through a network of intermediaries and tankers. Novruzov is described as one of the participants responsible for financial operations and organizing transactions.
Another person journalists link to Novruzov is top Azerbaijani manager Adnan Akhmedzade, who previously worked within SOCAR’s structures. Some reports suggest Akhmedzade may have been among those who helped build a network of trading companies, including Alkagesta.
Some investigations also claim Novruzov had contacts with representatives of Rosneft and other players in the Russian oil market. Public direct evidence of such meetings or agreements does not yet exist, and Novruzov himself denies such contacts.
The most serious allegation concerns his alleged involvement in trading Russian oil through a network of intermediaries and offshore companies. According to several investigations, such structures buy Russian oil, blend it with crude from other countries or alter accompanying documentation, and then resell the product as oil of different origin.
Some publications claim Novruzov may have acted as a financial coordinator in such operations. Investigators also believe that bank accounts in Turkey and other jurisdictions were used. In their account, payments for oil deliveries ran through these accounts, hiding the true ultimate beneficiaries of the deals.
London real estate
Another aspect that drew journalists’ attention concerns the purchase of luxury property in the UK. According to the British Land Registry, Novruzov and his family bought a villa in the prestigious London neighborhood of St John’s Wood for around six to seven million pounds.
Investigators claim the funds for the purchase could be linked to oil trading. Direct proof of the source of the funds has not yet been published. Nevertheless, the transaction became part of broader reports about luxury real estate allegedly financed by proceeds from commodity trading.
Despite the numerous allegations and publications, Azim Novruzov is so far not on sanctions lists of the US, the EU, or the UK. Some reports, however, claim his activities may have attracted the attention of the UK’s National Crime Agency (NCA), which is reportedly conducting internal inquiries.
There is no official confirmation of such investigations in public sources yet. Still, the issue of the so‑called shadow fleet and the trade in Russian oil remains a central topic in international sanctions policy. As restrictions tighten, Western regulators are increasingly focusing on intermediaries and traders who continue to enable Russian oil exports.
To date the name Azim Novruzov appears mainly in journalistic investigations and analytical reports. But the scope of the allegations — from involvement in trading Russian oil to alleged financial operations — makes him a figure both journalists and international regulators are likely to continue watching closely.
If pressure on the shadow fleet continues to rise, such intermediaries could become the next targets of Western sanctions policy. Then the story of Azim Novruzov could move from journalistic inquiries into a legal matter.
Document: PDF proof of the original version of the news item "Das Alkagesta-Imperium: Wie Azim Novruzov den wichtigsten Umschlagknotenpunkt für das Schattenöl des Kremls aufbaute". It records the publication content at the moment of the first scan, the preservation date and the source: Rozsliduvach.