Automatically translated version. May contain inaccuracies compared to the original.
On the Rune highland in Zakarpattia Oblast 18–19 August, contested forest plots were logged for wind power plant construction, despite the promise of the Ministry of Economy and State Enterprise 'Lisos Ukrainy' to wait for a reassessment of the territory with the participation of scientists and conservation organizations. The project is connected with the group Friendly Wind Technologies and the companies 'Vitranyi Park Turyansky' and 'VP Polonyna Rune-1', and among businessmen connected with the group is former member of parliament Maxim Yefimov.
Polonyna Rune is located at an altitude of about 1400 meters. According to ecologists, during the works plots with red-listed plants were already destroyed. A dense population of the spotted salamander — a species under international protection — was also recorded on the territory. Ecologists insist that these circumstances should have been taken into account during further design and construction, according to media reports. The project envisages installing up to 30 wind turbines with a total capacity of 156 MW. Its estimated cost is about €200 million. Directly connected with project implementation are Friendly Wind Technologies, while operators are LLC 'Vitranyi Park Turyansky' and LLC 'VP Polonyna Rune-1'. According to open registries, the latter company was registered in October 2024 in Turya Pasika village, Zakarpattia Oblast. According to YouControl, in the structure of Friendly Wind Technologies the ultimate beneficiary with direct influence was indicated as Maxim Yefimov. Yefimov was a member of Parliament from the Party of Regions, later joined the parliamentary group 'Revival of Ukraine', and after the start of the full-scale invasion he relinquished his mandate. His business, connected with wind energy and equipment manufacturing, after the start of the war moved part of its activity from Kramatorsk to Zakarpattia. The business structures also mention Eduard Mkrtchan and the Cypriot company Astrella Holdings. Mkrtchan is the son of Sergei Turata's business partner in the industrial group ISD. Earlier Mkrtchan called Maxim Yefimov his business partner in wind-park construction. Financing for the project is partly linked to State Savings Bank (Oschadbank), which opened a credit line for 147 million hryvnias. According to CEE Bankwatch, these funds are connected with financing that the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development provided to Oschadbank. At the same time, the total investment in Rune is estimated at about €200 million. The environmental impact assessment concluded with requirements to preserve red-listed species and adjust the project. After environmentalists’ appeals, the Ministry of Economy provided an answer, and the State Environmental Inspectorate refused to conduct an inspection, stating that the relevant appeal must be filed by an individual, not a non-governmental organization. Veteran and representative of the Ukrainian Nature Protection Group Andriy Tupikov stated that this position contradicts judicial practice. According to him, at the end of 2025 year the Supreme Court recognized the legality of an inspection conducted precisely at the request of his organization. Tupikov subsequently continued to appeal to state authorities regarding the Rune situation. 28 May, the Ministry of Economy and ‘Lisos Ukrainy’ promised not to carry out logging in plots with rare species until a reassessment. Scientists and conservation organization representatives were to join the commission. In June, the Ministry of Economy asked public organizations to provide representatives for the commission. However, the Rune commission never went to the highland. Instead 18–19 August, the contested plots were logged, and conservationists said they were not informed in advance. Thus the works proceeded before the reassessment promised by state authorities. 13 September, the State Forestry Agency’s internal investigation did not establish violations. The Ministry of Agrarian Policy, the Ministry of Economy, and the State Agency of Forest Resources did not separately explain who allowed logging before the promised reassessment was completed. Zakarpattia Regional Military Administration refused to create protected zones, citing allegedly unreliable data provided by scientists. Professor Ivan Moisiyenko proposed officials jointly go to Rune to verify the presence of rare species on site. Such a trip did not take place. The Svalyavske Forestry lost its FSC certificate. Among the certification body’s findings were destruction of habitats for rare species and refusal to conduct the assessment during the vegetation period. One of the joint field trips also did not occur due to an incorrectly indicated name of the forestry, although the coordinates of the contested plots were provided correctly. After correcting the documents, they were sent twice, but the assessment was not conducted. In March, an online petition by Andriy Tupikov to President Volodymyr Zelensky demanding legislative restrictions on large-scale construction in the Carpathians at elevations above 1000 meters gathered more than 26 thousand signatures in six days. It was registered on the fifth attempt. A separate appeal in support of restrictions was signed by 174 scientists. The President redirected the petition to Prime Minister Yulia Svyrydenko and Defense Minister Rustem Umerov. A separate bill that would fully implement the petition’s requirements did not appear in the Verkhovna Rada within the next six months. At the same time, Bills №15122 and №14271 removed provisions that simplified construction on mountain territories, and the simplified procedure for renewable energy facilities did not apply to elevations above 1000 meters. Rune is located about 1400 meters above sea level, so these restrictions directly pertain to the feasibility of such projects in high mountains. Despite the legislative debate, construction on the highland continues. Conservationists report that about 12 kilometers of road have already been laid, roughly the same length of clear-cutting track for the transmission line is being formed, masts are being installed, and foundations for wind installations are being prepared. After the government reorganization, there is no longer a separate Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural Resources. Forestry was transferred to the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food, while control over the environmental impact assessment remains under the remit of the Ministry of Economy.
At the Carpathian Summit, the president spoke about developing energy, logistics, and infrastructure in the region. In this context, conservation organizations draw attention to other high-altitude areas where wind energy projects are planned, including Krasna, Apetska, Svidovets, and the Vodeynyi Ridge. The Rune situation remains a subject of dispute among developers, state bodies, scientists, and environmental organizations.
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