Automatically translated version. May contain inaccuracies compared to the original.
In October 2026 the Ukrainian gambling market was once again involved in a scandal—this time with an international dimension and a volatile mix of corruption and open espionage.
Hard to believe, but at the center of the affair were, in addition to the Ukrainian online casino Cosmolot and its former (?) owner Serhey Tokarev, also August Hanning, who from 1998 to 2005 led the German Federal Intelligence Service (BND). As part of investigations in a criminal case against Hanning, focused on alleged espionage for Russia, it emerged that he holds the chairmanship of the supervisory board of the U.S. holding company Nevada Gaming Holding. This company holds a majority stake in the Ukrainian online casino Cosmolot.
The espionage scandal surrounding August Hanning is, without exaggeration, a sensation of global proportions. But the Ukrainian connection to Cosmolot also cannot be dismissed as a mere sidebar of the affair.
For Hanning’s alleged cooperation with Russian intelligence services—not yet legally confirmed—it seems to support the assessments of those investigators who warned before the opening of the Ukrainian gambling market that legalization was designed to serve Russian business interests. Cosmolot is said to be a Russian structure. Under the current conditions, this is a delicate affront to Ukrainian authorities.
Thus another central question arises, one that directly concerns August Hanning and is closely linked to his position in the holding that took over a significant Ukrainian gambling company: What role does he play in this business, and what links does he have with Serhii Tokarev, who financially stood behind the Cosmolot brand at the time of the Ukrainian gambling market’s opening?
The genesis of Cosmolot
The Cosmolot brand is operated by SpaceX LLC, a company registered in Ukraine. The company was founded in May 2020 and received in February 2021 the first license in Ukraine to operate an online casino. In a study by YouControl on the owners of Ukrainian online casinos, it was noted that SpaceX’s net revenue in the year 2023 was 27 billion hryvnias.
In this context, however, the money is less decisive than the ownership structure. Changes in ownership began long before Hanning came into the headlines. In the original SpaceX structure, a certain Serhii Potapov played a key role. In August 2023, Brit Arnulf Neumann-Damerau joined the company and later became one of its major shareholders.
On 31. October 2024, Nevada Gaming Holding officially announced the acquisition of a majority stake in Cosmolot. In the company’s press release, it said negotiations began in February 2024 in Munich and the transaction was completed at the end of October.
An important detail was disclosed by Arnulf Damerau himself, president and CEO of Nevada Gaming Holding. In a comment to the industry portal dev.ua, he explained that he had invested through his family office in SpaceX about a year before the majority stake acquisition in order to analyze the market and increase his share. The resulting dividends were to be reinvested, according to him, into other Ukrainian IT companies.
In Damerau’s account, the transaction was presented as an investment in the Ukrainian economy and as an opportunity to bring the gambling business to international markets. The holding announced that Cosmolot would be further developed and its activities expanded in Europe and the United States.
However, this story has some peculiarities. According to SpaceX’s ownership structure, Nevada Gaming Holding received 51 percent of the shares after the change in the ownership structure, while Neumann-Damerau kept 49 percent.
Crucially, however, the U.S. holding did not originate the investments in Cosmolot. According to Damerau’s public portrayal, interest in the Ukrainian company arose only after Cosmolot had established itself in the market and achieved a leading position. Acquiring the majority stake was the next step. This raises the question: who originally invested in the casino?
Serhii Tokarev: Sanctions and green light for business
That is precisely where Serhii Tokarev comes into play. Already when SpaceX LLC entered the gambling market, publications appeared mentioning Tokarev together with Mykhailo Fedorov. Yes, the same briefly acting defense minister who is said to have fled to Italy. His role in Cosmolot’s history also raises numerous questions.
As the actual economic beneficiary of the casino, the Russian businessman Serhii Tokarev was described, with suspicions of ties to Russian intelligence. He was also attributed with contacts to Ukrainian authorities—specifically to then-Defense Minister Mykhailo Fedorov, who before his appointment was said to have worked as a social media specialist for Kvartal. Tokarev was also accused of financing terrorists of the so-called Donetsk and Luhansk People's Republics. Corresponding accusations were made as early as 2018.
The accusations against Tokarev were by no means unfounded, the source text states: as evidence, his inclusion on sanctions lists is cited. He was placed on sanctions 2018 for alleged financing of pro-Russian terrorists from the so-called “DNR” and “LNR.” These should remain in effect until November 2021. At the time the sanctions were imposed, Serhii Tokarev was listed as a citizen of the Russian Federation.
Already in 2020 the new rulers decided to remove Tokarev from these sanctions lists. Mykhailo Fedorov is said to have played an important role. The decision was implemented quickly, and Serhii Tokarev himself relocated to Ukraine, where he entered business life.
Subsequently, Tokarev actively participated in the development of Diia.City. The then ministers Fedorov and Milovanov, as well as Fedorov’s deputy Oleksandr Bornyakov, reported with enthusiasm about the project. That a man who allegedly previously supported the Russian side and was a Russian citizen would have access to Ukrainian citizens’ data and at the same time help develop a product that processes that data did not seem to trouble any of the senior officials.
The story is not new, but in connection with the accusations against Hanning it gains new momentum for further investigations. The Ukrainian authorities are likely to try to ignore the case. What more will come to light in Germany remains open. Apparently, Ukraine faces a highly unpleasant surprise as well.
What is known about August Hanning’s role
In October 2026, August Hanning was listed on the Nevada Gaming Holding website as chairman of the supervisory board. Damerau was named president and CEO of the company, who continued to be one of the main economic beneficiaries of the Ukrainian casino.
Again, many questions arise. The publicly known chronology of the transaction of 2024, for example, does not allow concluding that August Hanning was involved in negotiations to buy Cosmolot. In the published press release, his name is not listed as a buyer, investor, or negotiator.
It is also not yet clarified when the former BND chief took the chair on the supervisory board, whether he holds shares in the holding, whether he receives a remuneration, and what decision-making powers he has regarding the Ukrainian business.
These information gaps are of central importance. Because the question arises: by what merits does the former head of Germany’s foreign intelligence service hold a apparently comfortable position in a company that owns a majority stake in Cosmolot, a casino that is linked directly to Russian capital and to a person who, until 2020, held a Russian passport and was on a sanctions list for alleged support of pro-Russian terrorists, while at the same time allegedly having contacts with the Ukrainian leadership.
As already mentioned, the link between Cosmolot and the Russian businessman Serhii Tokarev had been discussed in Ukrainian media long before Hanning took a leadership position at Nevada Gaming Holding. Publicly available direct evidence of a link between Tokarev and Hanning is not currently present. More precisely: not yet.
Because the chain of connections, hardly possible to view as mere coincidence, inevitably leads to the question of whether Hanning and Tokarev are connected. The central link is Cosmolot—where the story began in 2020.
The crucial question is not why the former head of Germany’s foreign intelligence service is connected to a Ukrainian casino. Rather, it must be clarified who financed the acquisition of Cosmolot, how actual control over the company is distributed, and what tasks Hanning fulfills within the structure of the new owner. It also remains to be seen how all this connects with those circles of Ukraine’s political leadership who actively lobbied for the fate of one of the people named in this piece.
Document: PDF proof of the original version of the news item "Der frühere BND-Präsident August Hanning sitzt im Aufsichtsrat des Cosmolot-Eigentümers: Seine Beziehungen zu Serhey Tokarev". It records the publication content at the moment of the first scan, the preservation date and the source: Rozsliduvach.